contain many wāhi tapu and urupā. Toreamoua was also a waka track across to the Pelorus and a f avoured walking tra ck. Scallops were plentiful in Kumutoto Bay. Ther e are also a number of underwater burial caves present in Tāhuahua. In the 1830s through to the 1860s, Iwituaroa was the home of the Ngāti Rahiri people, where they cultivated their vegetable gardens and fished for tuere, kōiro and other species of fish that were plentiful. The Ngakuta Pā area is associated with various Te Ātiawa o Te Waka-a- Māui hapū. The name Ngakuta refers to an ed ible seaweed which co uld be cooked with fish or other meat in the hangi. Kaireper epe Bay (near Governors’ Bay) was so named because of the elephan t fish which c ome into this Bay to lay their e ggs. Momorangi (the name means “offspring of heaven” and was possibly the name of a Māori chief who lived there) was a wānanga for tamariki belonging to Ngakuta Pā and became a papakāinga for Te Ātiawa o Te Waka-a-Māui. Ducks and bird life were abundant in these areas, and the bush provided the hapū with fern roots as a major kai source. Wedge Point and Shakespeare Bay are significant areas to Te Ātiawa o Te Waka-a -Māui with various wāhi tapu and underwater urupā. Shakespeare Bay was an area also renowned for pipi and kopakopa, as well as being a good spawning area for mussels due to its location and weather, where the northerly winds blow the spat into the bay. These areas were also tauranga waka and mahinga kai sites for Te Ātiawa o Te Waka- a- Māui. Kaipupu Point and the Waitohi (Picton) f oreshore and marina a re highly significant are as within Waitohi for Te Ātiawa o Te Waka -a-Māui. These areas were a main food source for Te Ātiawa o Te Waka-a-Māui particularly for the kopakopa, pipi and other shellfish that were gathered. The Waitohi estuary followed into Waitohi harbour and had an abundance of kaimoana and freshwater species which provided the Waitohi pā with ample food. The Victoria Domain was another important mahinga kai where sardines were plentiful. Bobs Bay and Shelly Beach are significant areas and were ideal nursery gardens for kopakopa. Kaimoana was also harvested. Waitohi and the surrounding bays were la rge papakāinga, mahinga kai and kaimoana gathering areas. Te Ātiawa o Te Waka-a- Māui had extensive tauranga waka sites within these areas. The two estuaries which used to flow into the Waitohi harbour were bountiful with fish and shellfish, which provided kai for the hapū at various times of the year. Waikawa Waikawa Bay is rich in h istory for Te Ātiawa o Te Waka-a- Māui. It was a main tauranga waka site for the whānau who resided in the Sounds. Te Ātiawa o Te Waka-a- Māui was relocated from Waitohi to Waikawa in 1856, and Te Ātia wa o Te W aka -a -Māui set up several papakāinga in the area. The mouth of the Wai kawa Stream su pplied the iwi with freshwater mussels, koura and tuna. The Waikawa Stream estuary yielded valuable resources and was a culturally significan t site for Te Ātiawa o Te Waka -a-Māui. Plants for rāranga include harakeke and raupō. Foods from the wetlands included roots and pollen from raupō, berries from kahikatea, mātai, supplejack, fruit from kie kie, the trunk pith and from stems of mamaku (black tree fern), and fluid and honey from harakeke (flax). Flax was also used as a fibre (muka) for binding and manufacturing into cordage and textiles. Certain varieties found at Waikawa Stream were brought down from Taranaki. Waikawa Bay was the food cupboard of Te Ātiawa o Te Waka-a- Māui and is historically, culturally and spiritually significant. Due to the location it was readily accessible in all weather cond itions for kai gathering, wea ving resources such as dyes, and as a waka corridor to Tōtaranui. The Bay was intensively fished and actively managed by Te Ātiawa o Te Waka-a-Māui to ensure that the Bay remained an abundant food and Te Tau Ihu Statutory Acknowledgements Page 105 of 163